Development
Important Questions and Answers
Very short Question and Answer
1-What is the other term used for national income?
Ans- Gross National Product(GNP)
2-As per WDR,name a country that is ranked as low middle income country?
Ans- A countries whose per capita income of US$ 2500 or less are known as low-income countries.
3- In a comparative analysis of Kerala,Haryana and Bihar which state seems to have higher income?
Ans- Haryana is seem to have higher income.
4-Which position was occupied by India in terms of HDI in Human Developement Report,2018?
Ans-India had ranked 130 in 2018 in HDI report.
5-Identify the term that refers to reducing the use of natural resources with the aim to save for the future?
Ans-sustainable developement is the term that refers to reducing the use of natural resouces with the aim to save for the future.
6-Why do people look at a mix of goals for developement?
Ans- People look at a mix of goals for development because apart from income they want respect,dignify,safety,security,pollution free enivronment etc.
7- State any two goals of developement other than income.(CBSE-2018)
Ans-Two goals of developement other than income are-
1-Equal treatment
2-Improvement in standard of living
8-What proportion of the country is over using their groundwater reserve?
Ans-About one-third of the country is over using their groundwater reserves.
9-What is the full form of BMI?
Ans- BMI stands for Body Mass Index.
10-Why less number of girls in the age group 10-14 years attend school in rural areas than boys?
Ans-It is because of community negligence and also rural people do not give importance to the girls education.
11-Write one example of inequality in urban areas.
Ans-High rise building and shopping malls at the centre and slums,old colonies in the outskirts or around the high rise building are the best example of urban inequality.
12-Why is per capita income counted in dollar rather than our rupee?(CBSE-2012)
Ans-Dollar is an international currency and has world wide acceptance so it is used for comparative analysis.
13-Which criteria is used in World Developement Report in classifying countries?
Ans-World Bank uses the income criterion per capita income to compare countries.
14-Can you imagine one development goal of the landless rural labour.(CBSE-2019)
Ans- More days of work and better wages are the developemental goals of a landless rural labour.
15-Write any one aspiration that a prosperous farmer from punjab may possess for his development.(CBSE-2019)
Ans-A prosperous farmer from punjab may want to hire more work force in his farm to produce more and earn more profit.
Short Answer Type Questions
1-Mention any four characterstics of development.(CBSE-2014,13)
Ans-Characterstics of development are-
a)Development is linked with the desire to improve the present condition.
b)Development involves thinking about the questions and about the ways in which we can work towards achieving our desired goals.
c)There can be different development goals for different people.
d)Development for one may not be development for other.
2-What do you mean by per capita income of a country? How can it be used to compare two countries?
Ans-The per capita income of a country is the Total Income of the country divided by its total population.It is used to compare the developement of countries by the World Bank.
3-Why income is not an adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizen are able to use? Explain with examples.
Ans- Income is not an adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use. Quality of life also depends on non-material things like equal treatment,freedom,secuirty,respect of others etc.
For example-
A persom may be earning high income,but if he is not getting job secuirty and adequate time for family then the person is not able to get the feeling of secuirty and freedom.So income not the adequate indicator.
4-Why countries of the middle-East are not called developed in spite of high per capita income?
Ans-The countries of the middle-east may have very high per capita income due to reveneus from selling crude oil,but they are otherwise not developed (except israel).Their literacy rate,life expectancy match those of developed countries of the West.
The probable reason is that they have become rich nations recently due to sharp increase in the price of oil,but their society has not developed accordingly.Most of the wealth is accumulated by few people,so the society has widespread inequality.
5-Define the following terms(CBSE-2015)
a)Per capita income
b)Net attendence ratio
Ans-a)The per capita income is the total income of the country divided by its total population.It is also called average income
b)Net attendence ratio is the total number of children of age-group 14-15 attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age-group.
6-Describe any three public facilities needed for development.
Ans-Public facilities are provided by the government.
Example of such facilities are-
a)The Public Distribution System (PDS),which provides fair average quality of foodgrains and other esential items to weaker sections at subsidised prices.
b)Government schools,which provide elementry education upto class 8 totally free for all children upto the age of 14 years.
7-What are the major attributes of development considered by UNDP in making the Human development report?Explain the importance of each of these attributes.
Ans-The major attributes in making the human human development report are-
a)People with more per capita income can buy nutritious food,get better health care facilities and give proper education to their children.therefore,per capita income is the major attribute of considering development.
b)Educational levels of the people-educated people will be able to get better jobs and higher earnings dure to their higher education.
c)Health status-Health will be good and longevity will increase when people will be able to afford better ehealthcare,resulting in further increase in life expectancy at birth.
8-How is the issue of subtainability important for development?Explain with examples.(CBSE-2018)
Ans-The issue of sustainability is important for developement due to the following reasons
a)There is a limited stock of natural resouces if they are not used judiciously then there will be nothing left for future generations.
b)Without sustainable development an ecological disbalance may be created leading to destruction of the enviroment..
c)Without sustainable development,ecological disbalance may also lead to environmental pollution which is very big deal to handle,
For example-Air and water pollution are rising due to industrial wastes.
9-What does sustainability of development mean? How can sustainable development be achieved?
Ans-Sustainability of development means that development should take place without damageing the environment,and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of future generations.Here,the natural resouces should be used in such a way that environmental balance is also maintained.
Sustainability development can be achieved in the following ways-
a)By scientific and proper use of resources.
b)By finding out ways to stop environmental pollution.
c)By developing renewable source of energy like water,wind and solar energy.
10- Although average are useful for comparing countries,they also hide disparities?Explain the meaning of this statement.support the statement with suitable arguments.(CBSE-2019)
Ans-Average or per capita income is useful for comparing countries,but they also hide disparities.
They do not give the true picture of a country due to the following reasons
a)They do not tell us how equally or evenly income is distributed.
b)They do not give information regarding the human development index such as literacy rate, Infant morality rate etc
c)They do not give us any information regarding the non-materialistic goods and services such as equality,freedom,respect,dignity
1 Comments
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